Unlocking Language: How to Support Your Baby’s Development

Understanding how infants learn language is crucial for parents and caregivers looking to foster effective communication skills in their children. Dr. Alexis Black, an assistant professor at the UBC School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, provides valuable insights into the stages of language development and practical steps to enhance early language skills.

When Does Language Learning Start?

Language acquisition begins even before birth. By the end of the third trimester, a fetus can hear and respond to sounds, including their parent’s voice. Studies show that unborn babies can even remember sound sequences they heard while in the womb. However, while exposure to classical music may be popular, it is the ambient sounds and conversations from the external environment that are crucial for building their language foundation.

Creating a Rich Language Environment

To support early language development, caregivers should focus on creating a language-rich environment. Engaging in conversation and play is essential. Dr. Black emphasizes that there are significant cultural differences in how adults interact with children, but the key is ensuring that children feel safe and loved. This emotional security allows them to express themselves freely.

Reading to children is one of the most effective ways to boost language skills. Dr. Black notes that interactive reading—where caregivers encourage children to point out objects, ask questions, and relate the story to personal experiences—greatly enriches the linguistic experience. These techniques are often used in speech and language therapy due to their effectiveness.

Benefits of Bilingualism and Multilingualism

Raising children in a bilingual or multilingual environment is not only common but beneficial. Research supports the idea that the human brain is well-equipped to handle multiple languages. Contrary to some misconceptions, multilingualism does not confuse children or hinder their development.

While multilingual children may have a vocabulary that appears smaller in one language compared to their monolingual peers, taking their total vocabulary across all languages into account shows that they are developing normally. Parents are encouraged to communicate with their children in the languages they wish them to learn.

Factors Influencing First Words

The development of a child’s first words is influenced by several factors, including the frequency of certain sounds and the child’s physical ability to produce those sounds. Children often gravitate towards words that are easier for them to articulate, which may not always be “Mama” or “Dada.” Instead, they might prefer sounds like “ba” or “na.”

In summary, supporting a child’s language development involves creating a nurturing environment rich in conversation and interaction. Whether through reading, speaking multiple languages, or simply engaging in play, parents and caregivers play a pivotal role in shaping their child’s linguistic abilities.