New Bridge Named Stal̓əw̓asəm Reflects Rich Indigenous History

A new bridge connecting Surrey and New Westminster has been named stal̓əw̓asəm, a title that has sparked considerable debate on social media since its announcement on Monday. While some critics argue that the decision to abandon the name “Pattullo” erases historical significance, they overlook the profound cultural and historical importance of the new name, which embodies the earliest interactions between Indigenous peoples and European settlers.

The name stal̓əw̓asəm (pronounced stall-o-awesome) was gifted to the province by the Kwantlen First Nation and the Musqueam Indian Band. In Indigenous culture, names are regarded as treasured possessions, and the act of gifting one holds immense significance. The bridge is located at the site of the former village of qiqéyt (pronounced “qay’qayt”), where the moment of first contact between Kwantlen peoples and European settlers occurred, marking a pivotal point in the region’s history.

Unpacking the Historical Context

The village of qiqéyt holds great historical value, as it was a fishing community characterized by its rich natural resources. The name itself translates to a grim reminder of the past, derived from “qay,” meaning death, underscoring its history as a burial site. This area served as a crucial fishing station, where salmon runs attracted people from across the region.

In the early 19th century, the Kwantlen Nation faced a significant famine while the Kwikwetlem people struggled with limited resources. In a gesture of generosity, the Kwantlen offered food relief to the Kwikwetlem, who then relocated to qiqéyt to build a new village and fishing station. This collaborative effort remains a testament to the Kwantlen’s commitment to community and resilience.

The historical significance of the site further deepens when considering the events of 1808. That year, the North West Company dispatched Simon Fraser to explore the Pacific region. During his journey, Fraser first encountered the Kwantlen on July 1, 1808, and was welcomed into their community. Despite initial hospitality, Fraser’s arrogance led to tensions that could have resulted in violence. A village leader, Whattlekainum, intervened to protect Fraser, showcasing the complexity of early interactions between Indigenous peoples and European explorers.

A Name with Meaning

The name stal̓əw̓asəm embodies the interwoven narratives of the Kwantlen and their connection to the land and river. It signifies a viewpoint not only of the river but also of the peoples who have lived along its banks, highlighting the Stó:lō heritage of the Kwantlen. Critics of the name have raised concerns about its pronunciation and accessibility; however, it serves as a reminder of the region’s rich Indigenous history.

While some argue for a more recognizable transliteration, the decision to name the bridge stal̓əw̓asəm ultimately reflects a commitment to honoring the past and acknowledging the contributions of Indigenous communities to British Columbia’s development. The bridge stands not only as a physical structure but also as a symbol of friendship and the shared humanity that binds the Kwantlen and Kwikwetlem.

In the years following Fraser’s visit, the area underwent significant changes as European settlers arrived in larger numbers. The village transitioned into reserves for the Kwantlen and Musqueam, while also becoming a melting pot welcoming migrants from places like Hawaii and China. As industries evolved, the advent of the railroad and subsequent development reshaped the landscape, leading to the eventual establishment of the new bridge.

The decision to name this bridge has been in development for years, reflecting a broader movement to recognize Indigenous history in public spaces. While some may disagree with the choice of name, the dialogue surrounding stal̓əw̓asəm has prompted a deeper examination of local history and the importance of understanding the narratives that have shaped the region.

As the bridge stands ready to connect communities, it serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy of Indigenous peoples and the vital history that continues to influence the region today. The stal̓əw̓asəm bridge is more than a crossing; it symbolizes the first connections made between diverse cultures, embodying a shared journey that persists to this day.