Netanyahu Plans Transition to Second Phase of Gaza Ceasefire

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced on Sunday that he anticipates the second phase of the US-sponsored ceasefire plan for Gaza will commence shortly. This statement comes as the current truce, effective since October 10, 2023, has paused hostilities following the deadly Hamas attack on Israel earlier that month.

The existing ceasefire has allowed for the release of hostages taken during the October 7 assault, with 47 individuals still to be accounted for. To date, all but one, the body of an Israeli police officer, have been returned. The upcoming phase of the ceasefire is expected to focus on disarming Hamas, establishing a transitional authority, and deploying an international stabilisation force.

In a meeting with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz in Jerusalem, Netanyahu stated, “We very shortly expect to move into the second phase, which is more difficult.” He also confirmed plans to meet with Donald Trump later in December to discuss “opportunities for peace” in the region. This meeting, likely to occur in Washington, follows Trump’s invitation extended during a phone call on Monday.

Germany’s Support Amid Criticism

Chancellor Merz, who assumed office in May 2023, has publicly criticized Israel’s military actions in Gaza, which have resulted in significant Palestinian casualties. According to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures, the conflict has claimed the lives of approximately 1,221 people, primarily civilians, since the onset of hostilities.

During his visit, Merz emphasized Germany’s commitment to the reconstruction of Gaza while reaffirming Berlin’s support for Israel. He stated, “Germany must stand up for the existence and security of Israel,” acknowledging the historical responsibilities stemming from the Holocaust. Merz also highlighted the necessity for a two-state solution as a pathway to peace.

While he reiterated Germany’s backing of Israel, Merz acknowledged that “criticism of Israel is possible and sometimes perhaps even necessary.” He cautioned against conflating criticism of Israeli government policies with antisemitism, indicating the strength of the German-Israeli relationship.

Despite lifting restrictions on arms exports to Israel following the ceasefire, Germany had previously limited sales of weapons for use in Gaza. The ongoing conflict has resulted in the deaths of over 360 Palestinians since the ceasefire was implemented, along with three Israeli soldiers.

Concerns Over International Legal Issues

Netanyahu’s leadership faces scrutiny due to an arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court (ICC) for alleged war crimes in Gaza. When questioned about a potential visit to Germany, Netanyahu remarked, “I am not going there because of an ICC decision.” Merz had previously expressed intentions to invite Netanyahu and assured him that he would not be arrested during such a visit.

Despite the tensions between the two nations during the ongoing war, military cooperation remains intact. This week, Germany activated the first phase of the Israeli-made Arrow missile defense system, part of a $4.5 billion arms deal, reportedly the largest in Israeli history.

As the situation in Gaza continues to evolve, the international community watches closely, hoping for a sustainable resolution to the ongoing conflict.